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2025-09-22

Fig. 1. Overview of our 3D dust extinction map, with the central main panel provided separately in Fig. 2 for display and download.

Fig. 2. RGB composite of cumulative reddening in near/mid/far distance shells: 0–0.6 kpc, 0.6–2 kpc, and 2 kpc–Dmax. Channel intensity encodes cumulative E(B−V) in log scale. Same Galactocentric/Mollweide coordinates as Fig. 3.

Fig. 3. Cumulative E(B−V) to the maximum reliable distance Dmax in Galactocentric Mollweide projection; equivalent to integrating along the line of sight up to Dmax.

Fig. 4. Stylized/cartoon rendition of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5. Cumulative E(B−V) in the 0–0.5 kpc shell (Galactocentric Mollweide projection). Angular resolution ≈3.4′ (HEALPix Nside = 1024) with 0.1° Gaussian smoothing.

Fig. 6. Cumulative E(B−V) in the 0.5–1 kpc shell (Galactocentric Mollweide projection). Angular resolution ≈3.4′ (HEALPix Nside = 1024) with 0.1° Gaussian smoothing.

Fig. 7. Cumulative E(B−V) in the 1–2.5 kpc shell (Galactocentric Mollweide projection). Angular resolution ≈3.4′ (HEALPix Nside = 1024) with 0.1° Gaussian smoothing.

Fig. 8. Cumulative E(B−V) in the 2.5–5 kpc shell (Galactocentric Mollweide projection). Angular resolution ≈3.4′ (HEALPix Nside = 1024) with 0.1° Gaussian smoothing.

Fig. 9. Dust density slices in Galactic planes. Center: X–Y plane (GC at origin, Sun at (8.12,0) kpc, black ×). Top: X–Z; Right: Y–Z. Spiral-arm centers ±1σ (Perseus, Local arm + spur, Sagittarius–Carina) from Reid et al. (2019). Resolution 0.01 kpc with 1-pixel Gaussian smoothing.

Fig. 10. Annotation-free version of the central X–Y panel in Fig. 9, showing only the dust density distribution.

Fig. 11. Molecular clouds outside the Local Bubble identified from our 3D dust map by Wang et al. (2025b). Panels: X–Y, X–Z, Y–Z; Sun at (8.12,0.00,0.02) kpc. Hollow circles (radius×2) in X–Y; black dots in vertical planes.

Fig. 12. Cataloged molecular clouds in the Galactic X–Y plane. Circle radius ∝ physical size; transparency ∝ mean dust density. Sun at (8.12,0) kpc. Spiral-arm loci ±1σ from Reid et al. (2019). Cavities (black dashed): Giant Oval Cavity (Vergely et al., 2022), Carina cavity (Chen et al., 2019a); purple: Lower Sagittarius–Carina Spur (Chen et al., 2020).